ATR Indicator And Strategies
- Calculating ATR
- Reading the ATR
- How to Use ATR in Trading
- Best ATR Indicator Combinations
- Using ATR for Exit Conditional Orders
- Trade ATR at AvaTrade
The Average True Range (ATR) is a common technical analysis indicator designed to measure volatility. This indicator was originally developed by the famed commodity trader, developer and analyst, Welles Wilder, and it was introduced in 1978.
The ATR was intended to provide a qualitative approach that would assign a numerical figure to the underlying volatility of an asset. Many traders usually confuse volatility and momentum.
Volatility is the rate at which the price changes relative to the average, whereas momentum refers to trend strength in a particular direction. Based on this, volatile markets have wide price ranges, while less volatile markets have narrow price ranges.
The ATR is designed to purely measure volatility and the indicator neither indicates trend direction nor momentum. By tracking the degree of volatility of an asset, volatility indicators help traders to determine when an underlying asset’s price is about to become more sporadic or less sporadic. Other popular volatility indicators, other than the ATR, include Bollinger Bands and Keltner Channels.
Calculating ATR
The ATR is simply a smoothed average of an asset’s true range values. The range of an asset in any particular time period is simply the difference between the high and closing prices.
However, Welles determined that the ‘true range’ of an asset must take into account previous closing prices so that due consideration is accorded to any price gaps that may have occurred.
Based on this, the true range at any given time period is the greatest of the following:
- The difference between the current high and current low
- The difference between the current high and previous close
- The difference between the current low and previous close
Negative or positive true range values are not taken into consideration, with only the absolute number used in the calculation. After the first ATR is determined, the subsequent ATR values are calculated using the formula below:
Current ATR = [(Prior ATR x (n-1)) + Current TR] / n
Where ‘n’ is the user-defined number of periods
The default ‘n’ on most trading platforms is 14, but traders can adjust the number according to their needs. Obviously, a higher ‘n’ would result in a slower volatility measure, whereas a lower ‘n’ would result in a faster volatility measure.
Reading the ATR
Interpreting the ATR indicator values is simple and straightforward. When the ATR line edges higher, it implies that the volatility of the underlying asset is increasing; similarly, when the ATR line drifts lower, it implies that the volatility of the underlying asset is decreasing.
Markets oscillate between periods of high volatility and low volatility, and ATR helps traders track these changes.
Having a picture of the volatility can help traders to set definitive price targets in the market. For instance, if the EURUSD currency pair has an ATR of 100 pips over the last 14-time periods, a price target of below 100 pips is more likely to be achieved within the prevailing trading session.
How to Use ATR in Trading
The ATR is used to establish how far an asset’s price can go within a specified time period. This information can be used to trade opportunities such as:
- Breakouts
Breakouts represent some of the best trading opportunities when trading financial assets. When the price consolidates, the ATR will print low values to denote a low volatility market. Periods of price consolidation are always followed by breakouts, which occur with high volatility. The ATR helps traders to time these breakouts efficiently and gives them the opportunity to join the new trend from its earliest beginnings. After a period of low or flat values, a surge in the ATR will indicate higher volatility in the market and traders can plan how to trade the resulting breakout accordingly. - Using a Signal Line
The ATR is only a volatility measure and in a trending market, it will not provide optimal entry points. To remedy this, traders can overlay a moving average on the ATR that will act as a signal line. For instance, traders can add a 20-period simple moving average over the ATR and watch out for crosses. When prices are trending higher, an ATR cross above the signal line will confirm an uptrend and traders could place aggressive buy orders in the market. Similarly, when prices are drifting lower, an ATR cross below the signal line will confirm a downtrend and traders could place aggressive sell orders in the market. - Position Sizing
Position sizing is an important element of risk management when trading financial assets. Applying appropriate lot sizes on different financial assets can help traders to minimise risk exposure and enhance their trading effectiveness in the market significantly. As a rule of thumb, high volatility markets should be traded with smaller lot sizes, whereas low volatility markets can be traded with higher lot sizes. Assets, such as gold and Bitcoin, that have higher ATR values, traders can trade them with smaller lot sizes; while assets, such as the EURCHF pair that prints lower ATR values, can be traded with larger lot sizes.
Best ATR Indicator Combinations
The ATR measures only one price element – volatility. This fundamentally means that it is important to combine it with other indicators to identify more qualified trading opportunities in the market. Here are the best ATR indicator combinations strategies:
- ATR and Parabolic SAR
Parabolic SAR is ideal for trading trending markets. When combined with the ATR, traders are able to set definitive stop loss and take profit price points that will ensure they take full advantage of a trending market with minimal risk exposure as possible. - ATR and Stochastics
Stochastics are ideal for trading ranging markets because they deliver overbought and oversold signals. The ATR helps qualify ranging markets and avoid whipsaw signals that can be generated by Stochastics in non-ranging markets. Low ATR values confirm ranging markets and buy/sell signals can be provided by Stochastics crossovers in overbought and oversold zones.
Using ATR for Exit Conditional Orders
No matter the quality of the entry, profit or loss is ultimately determined when a trade is exited or closed. The ATR is efficient in determining optimal price points to place stop loss and take profit orders. For instance, if the GBPUSD pair has an ATR of 150 pips, a take profit of 120 pips is much more likely to be achieved within the particular trading session compared to a take profit of 200 pips.
Similarly, a stop loss of more than 150 pips will give your trade enough breathing room to play out, without the risk of a premature loss. Because it shows rising and falling volatility levels, the ATR can also be used to place optimal trailing stops that will ensure your overall risk is minimised while giving you an opportunity to lock in profits as you ride a trend.
Trade ATR at AvaTrade
Trade using the ATR at AvaTrade, a regulated and award-winning broker, and enjoy the following benefits:
- Numerous Indicators.
The ATR is even more effective when combined with other indicators. There are over 150 indicators available at AvaTrade that you can combine with the ATR as you wish. - Multiple Assets.
Implement ATR strategies on over 1,000 financial assets that include Forex trading, Stocks, Commodities, Indices and Cryptocurrencies. - Trading Tools and Resources.
AvaTrade offers comprehensive trading tools and resources that help traders get the most out of their trading activity. - Demo Account.
Test various ATR strategies on a free demo account without putting any money on the line.
Main ATR Indicator And Strategies FAQ
- What is the ATR Indicator?
The ATR Indicator, or Average True Range indicator, is an indicator that measures volatility. As such it is not a trend following indicator. It is possible for volatility to be either low or high during any trend. What the ATR is really good at is identifying potential explosive breakout moves. As a measure of volatility the ATR is also used by traders to set a trailing stop loss on their trades. This accounts for the volatility in any given market and avoids getting stopped out too quickly.
- How to profit from the ATR Indicator?
There are several ways to profit from using the ATR. One simple method is to open a position whenever price moves more than 1 ATR from the closing price in the prior session. This works because typically when price moves more than 1 ATR it is because there has been a change in volatility, and generally the asset will follow through with a continued move in the same direction. The ATR can be used on any time frame too, from 1 minute to 1 month, making it useful for any type of trader.
- How can we find breakout moves using the ATR Indicator?
Because ATR measures volatility it can be very useful in locating breakout moves just as they are beginning, and doing so is quite easy. First look for a weekly chart where the ATR and volatility is at multi-year lows. Next identify the range in price during this period, or the strongest support and resistance levels. Wait for price to break out from the range or from the support/resistance level and pounce on the trade.
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** Disclaimer – While due research has been undertaken to compile the above content, it remains an informational and educational piece only. None of the content provided constitutes any form of investment advice.